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English Language
Nr. | Sadaļas nosaukums | Lpp. |
1. | About English language | 3 |
1.1. | Indo-European and Germanic Influences | 3 |
2. | History of the English Language | 4 |
2.1. | Old English (450-1100 AD) | 5 |
2.2. | Middle English (1100-1500) | 5 |
3. | Modern English | 6 |
3.1. | Early modern English (1500-1800) | 6 |
3.2. | Late modern English (1800-Present) | 6 |
4. | William Shakespeare and his influence on modern language | 7 |
5. | Oxford English Dictionary | 8 |
5.1. | Recent updates to the OED | 8 |
6. | Interesting facts about the English language | 9 |
7. | Sources of information | 11 |
The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) is a descriptive dictionary of the English language, published by the Oxford University Press. It traces the historical development of the English language, providing a comprehensive resource to scholars and academic researchers, as well as describing usage in its many variations throughout the world. The second edition came to 21,728 pages in 20 volumes, published in 1989.
Work began on the dictionary in 1857, but it was not until 1884 that it began to be published in unbound fascicles as work continued on the project, under the name of A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles; Founded Mainly on the Materials Collected by The Philological Society. In 1895, the title The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) was first used unofficially on the covers of the series, and in 1928 the full dictionary was republished in ten bound volumes. In 1933, the title The Oxford English Dictionary fully replaced the former name in all occurrences in its reprinting as twelve volumes with a one-volume supplement. More supplements came over the years until 1989, when the second edition was published. Since 2000, a third edition of the dictionary has been underway, approximately a third of which is now complete.
Recent updates to the OED
The OED is updated four times a year, every March, June, September, and December.
The material added to the dictionary includes revised versions of existing entries (which replace the older versions), and new words and senses both within the alphabetical sequence of revised entries and also across the whole A to Z range.
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380 million people speak it as their first language and as much as 300 million as their second. A billion are learning it. By 2050, it is predicted half the world will be more or less proficient in it. Only surpassed by Mandarin on native speakers, English is the language of international business, politics and diplomacy. It is still number one in computers and the internet. It is now the global language. But despite the fact that American, British, Australian and even Canadian English are generally mutually intelligible, there are strong enough differences to cause embarrassing misunderstandings or a complete failure to communicate. Therefore, English language services are vital in helping people communicate in a proper manner. Indo-European and Germanic Influences English is a member of the Indo-European family of languages. This broad family includes most of the European languages spoken today. The Indo-European family includes several major branches: 1) Latin and the modern Romance languages; 2) The Germanic languages; 3) The Indo-Iranian languages, including Hindi and Sanskrit; 4) The Slavic languages; 5) The Baltic languages of Latvian and Lithuanian (but not Estonian); 6) The Celtic languages; 7) and Greek.
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